Update in Internal Medicine

Update in general internal medicine.

Update in general internal medicine.

The big news in women’s health in 2002 came from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) report, which found that combined hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (estrogen plus progestin) exposes postmenopausal women to more risk than benefit. Before this report, most observational studies showed that HRT decreased risk for heart disease by as much as 35%. In retrospect, however, many of these studies d...

Answers to Nephrology : Challenging Cases Update in Internal Medicine – 2016

1. A. The sodium-glucose transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, empaglifloxin (Jardiance®), dapagliflozin (Farxiga®), and canagliflozin (Invokana®) inhibit proximal tubular glucose reabsorption resulting in renal glucosuria. These drugs can cause weight loss, natriuresis with volume depletion, hypotension, bacterial or fungal UTI, and ketoacidosis even in Type 2 diabetics. Ketoacidosis is more like...

Update in hospital medicine.

Update in addiction medicine.

In 1978, Regier and colleagues (1) coined the term “de facto mental health and substance abuse system” after finding that most patients with mental illness and substance abuse are treated in the general medical sector, not in psychiatric settings. Despite the availability of this system, many patients with mental disorders and substance abuse do not receive a diagnosis, and many do not receive ...